Process of revivifying or decarbonizing bone-black and other filtering media.



M. WEINRICH. PROCESS OF REVIVIFYING 0R DECARBONIZING BONE BLACK ANDOTHER FILTERIN G MEDIA APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, I915- 1,18%,89?

W m u 6 mm m R qw w K.

B M .n

m 2 H a m q J1 w 7 65 JWW w a 5 H. 2

v M. WEINRiCH. PROCESS OF REVIVIFYING OR DECARBONIZING BONE BLACK ANDOTHER FILTERING MEDIA.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 19, 1915.

6 0 m M m U M h 2 m W Q u 00 M l r H Z w s J w L 2 I? a m w R W .wJ i Mparatus. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of flights or blades.

AT FQ,

MORIZ wnnmrcn, or NEW YORK, N. Y

rnocnss or REVIVIFYING on DECARBONIZING BONE-BLACK AND OTHER. FILTERING.

MEDIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 23, 1916..

Application filed November 19, 1915.; Serial N 0. 62,345.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MORIZ WEINRICH, a

' citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the.county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain.

new and useful Improvements in Processes of Revivifying or DecarbonizingBone- Black and other Filtering Media, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a process of revivifying or of decarbonizingbone-black and other filtering media, such as fullers earth, infusorialearth, and carbonaceous substitutes for the bone-black, as Iwill'hereinafter describe and claim.

In the accompanying drawing I have illus-' 'trated an apparatus whichwill be found well adapted for the purpose of carrying out my process,although it will be understood that the present invention is not limitedin its use to said apparatus and that it comprehends and includes anyand all types of apparatus wherein the several steps of the process maybe successfully worked.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apthe same on the line A B of Fig.-1 -Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line C D of Fig. 1. Fig. 4is a cross-sectional view of a revoluble drum showing slitted liftingfragment of a lifting flight showing three revoluble drum employed doesnot differ es-- rows of slits, running in the direction of the length ofthe blade. Fig. 6 illustrates a fragment of a lifting blade showing rowsof slits extending in the direction of the width of the blade. Fig. 7illustrates a part of the lifting blade of modified form, showingcircular perforations.

In the apparatus shown for illustrative purposes, the interiorconstruction of the sentially from the construction of the-like partshown, described and claimed in my .former Patent Number 1,121,429,dated Decemb'er 1 5, 1914, for apparatus for drying bone black, and Iprefer for present purf poses, the employment of such an apparatus,

stitutes the presentv invention.

in the carrying out of the process wfhichcon- That my invention may beunderstood, I will now 'describe'the same in connection with therevivification or of the decarbonization of bone-black or media, such asbefore mentioned, when using Fig. 5 is a plan view of a vice, 9

other filtering the apparatus shown in the present instance,

although, as before stated, the process is not to be understood aslimited to this apparatus, as any other appropriate apparatus or device,whether revoluble or stationary, may

be used provided it is supplied with means for' by'the bone-black duringprevious revivifications by-dry distillation in retort kilns.

It is of prime importance that, when heating the material for thispurpose, it must not be brought into direct contact with fire, but mustbe heated indirectly and slowly in order to attain the desired'gentleoxidation at a moderate heat.

Briefly stated, the apparatus shown'comprises a revoluble drum, a,preferably set at an incline, and turning in the bearing, 6, at one endand on supporting rollers, ,0, at the other or higher end. If desired,there may be bearings at both ends, or rollers at'both ends, as ineither instance the drum will be appropriately supported for rotation.

t one end, the drum has a projecting shaft, d, which carries a wormgear, d, suitably engaged by a suitable worm, 65 said drum beingprovided at its higher or inlet end with a spout or chute, 6, throughwhich the bone-black, or other filtering media,to be treated, may beadmitted to the drum, the opposite or lower end of said drum beingprovided with an outlet for the treated bone-black or filtering media.

I Fitted. to the inlet end of-the drum is a hood, g; which has anextension, g, which forms an air and vapor uptake, in which is mounted adamper or other controlling de- At the outlet end-of the drum andfitting over the same is a hood, k, which in practice may have a slidingdamper controlling an opening and thereby regulating the'draft ofatmospheric air to be maintained in the drum.

The'drum is mounted within a casing or shell of brickwork or'otherwiseand of any desired construction and design, tied together by transverseand longitudinal rods, or bars, 10, and 11, respectively, and supportedupon a frame or foundation, A, or

the like, in which heat is generated, and the will thus be seen that thedrum, as Well as the framework surrounding it, is securely supported byan iron framework and that the casing is reinforced and braced by thelongitudinal and cross rods, l0ll, and by suitable buck-stays, 15, orthe like, thereby giving great strength to the casing and making theapparatus well adapted for the performanceof the several functions whichconstitute my process, the steps of which I will now describe.

In carrying out my process, I build a fire in. the furnace with oil,gas, coal, or coke, and maintain this fire at a desired degree. Thegases generated in the combustion chamber, z, of the furnace pass intothe bottom of the casing or shell at one end thereof and surround thedrum in its entire length, and finally escape through the flue, la. Theheat escaping through this flue may be utilized, if desired, for heatinga drier, or other structure erected between the apparatus, and thefilters for the drying of the bone-black before it enters the drum, andas these features constitute no part of the present process, they arenot shown in the present drawing.

The bone-black to be treated is delivered into the upper end of the drumthrough the spout or chute, e, in a continuous and regulated stream,either from a drier or from a bin, and while the drum is being slowlyrotated. v When using a drum of standard size, that 1s, about 25 feetlong with a diameter of about 4% feet, and made of welded-steel or thellke, said drum should be geared to make about one revolution in everytwo minutes, and the drum should be set at an incline of about one foot.

As soon as the bone-black or other-fi1teringmedia, enters the upper orhigher end of the drum, it is caught up by suitable wide lifting bladesor flights, 16, which are provided on the inside of the drum, as in themanner described and shown more in detail in my before-mentioned priorpatent, which blades or flights are constructed for performing thefunction of lifting and dropping the bone-black, or other filteringmedia, said bone-black or other filtering me dia, 'siftin throughperforations, 17, made in the bla es or flights and over their edges, inthe form of thin streams in whi'ch condition it is exposed to the actionof an air curfl -rent as I Will presently describe.

Any moisture which has been retained by the bone-black or otherfiltering media, is

by the high temperature of the gases and by its exposure in thin streamsto the draft of air, maintained in the drum, quickly expelled and risingto the upper end thereof, finally escapes into the hood, 9, and throughthealr and vapor uptake 9'. l

The oxidation of the organic impurities retained by the bone black orother filtering media begins at a temperature of about 300 degrees FThis temperature, regulated by while the bone-black, or other filteringmedropping in the ,inclined drum toward-the rear end, to 500550 degreesF., when sim- Lplyrevivifying is desired, and to 600-700 the invaluablecarbonate or lime forming part of this frameworkwill remain unimpairedand since the organic impurities taken up by the bone-black during itslast use become completely oxidized, and not converted into carbon asdone with kiln work, the bone-black will be maintained by the processalways at its highest efiiciency.

Mywhole process may be performed in the fire in the furnace, will beincreased dia, is being moved bodily by a lifting and about fortyminutes and since a standard constantly about 4,000 pounds of boneblackon its wide lifting blades and on lts size machine, when inoperation,,will hold bottom, the desired temperature will fluctuate butlittle and can be regulated easily by the fire in the furnace.

The draft of atmospheric air maintained in the drum will hit repeatedlyevery particle of the heated bone-black emanating in a great many thinstreams from the lifting I blades or flights and will thereby acceleratethe oxidationof the impurities. As the boneblack is not lifted high anddrops slowly always'on itself practically'no dust will be formed by thisprocess.

It is well known that in theordinary kiln work, the bone-black has to bebrought to a red heat of about 1200 degrees F. and maintained .there forat least one-half hour.

Itis, theiefore, obvious that by my proc ess the savlng in fuel alone isconsiderable.

Thedrum when made of welded steel, has

a life of from 8 to 10 years, owing to the mild heat applied and becauseit is constantly revolving over the fire. The life of retorts used forsimilar purposes is generally less than two years.

The treated bone-black, orother filtering material, falling from therear end of the drum into the chute, f, may be caused to pass through asuitable cooling device, not

the char.

shown, when it is again ready for use.

Among the advantages which can be safely alleged in support of mydescribed process of gentle oxidation over dry distillation process arethe following: It is well known that the capacity of bone-blackgenerally called char, of removing color, organic and inorganicimpurities, stands in direct relation to the surface of its mineralframework, consisting mainly of phosphate of lime and carbonate of lime,this surface being covered by a thin layer of soft veldry distillation,mainly in the form of sul-' fids, which, as well known,- are injuriousto the sugar solutions subsequently passed over it. By my improvedprocess of gentle oxidation of the impurities, these seriousdisadvantages will be entirely avoided. The comparatively lowtemperatures employed by me will leave the mineral frame work quiteintact, while the impurities become oxidized and leave the cells alwaysopen. Any iron, which may be left in the char and which, by drydistillation would exist as sulfid of iron becomes oxidized 'and ischanged into an insoluble state (ferric oxid); in which it is incapableof doing any harm. In like manner any lime which might be taken up bythe char and which, after dry distillation might exist as sulfid ofcalcium, becomes partly or entirely changed into sulfate of lime,capable of removal by washing. It is, therefore, obvious that by theproper use of my process of gentle oxidation, the char can be keptcontinuously at its highest point of efficiency and that no granularchar has ever to be discarded, thus insuring very great savings.

The other advantages of my process are that, owing to the mild heatapplied, the devices used for the operation of my process, require muchless repair and that a considerable percentage of fuel can be saved.

compared with ordinary kiln work.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. The process herein described ofrevivifying and of decarbonizing bone-black, or other filtering media,through oxidation, by

moving the bone-black, or other filtering media, heated from theoutside, in a chamher and in a plurality of thin streams emanating bymeans of a perforated device, against a draft of atmospheric air.

2. The process herein described of revivifying and of decarbonizingbone-black, or other filtering media, through oxidation, by moving thebone-black, or other filtering media in a revoluble drum, surrounded byfire gases, and provided on its interior with lifting agencies, in aplurality of thin streams emanating by means of perforations from eachof said lifting agencies, against a draft of atmospheric air.

- In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

MORIZ WEINRICH: v

